CBSE Syllabus 2025 for Class 12 | CBSE 12th Class Exam Pattern, Exam Dates

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 2025 is available now. Candidates can acquire the CBSE Exam Syllabus Pdf for class 12 and Test Pattern here. And, we have covered the latest CBSE Class 12 Syllabus and Exam Pattern here for your further reference. Candidates can also know more important details about this CBSE exam @ www.cbse.nic.in. Read the following section to know about the CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Pdf 2025 along with the subject wise exam pattern.

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 2025 – CBSE Exam Details

Latest CBSE Exam Pattern 2025 | CBSE Test Pattern 2025

The following section explains the question paper format for Class 12th Syllabus 2025-25.

The above pattern is for reference. Generally, the CBSE Exam consists of various papers and each paper is of 100 marks. The questions for this CBSE exam will come from various subjects include Accountancy, Computer science, Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Hindi, English, and much more. Read the following section to know about the CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 in a detailed manner.

CBSE Exam Pattern 2025 for Accountancy

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Maths Exam Pattern

CBSE 12 Class Physics Exam Pattern

CBSE 12th Physics Practical Syllabus

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Chemistry Exam Pattern

CBSE Chemistry Practical Syllabus for Class 12

CBSE Class 12 Biology Exam Pattern

CBSE Biology Practical Exam Pattern

CBSE Business Studies Exam Pattern

CBSE Class 12 Maths Exam Pattern

CBSE Economics Class 12 Exam Pattern

CBSE English Exam Pattern for Class 12

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 English Elective Exam Pattern

Political Science Exam Pattern for Class 12 CBSE

CBSE Geography Exam Pattern for class 12

CBSE Sociology Exam Pattern

The remaining 20 marks are allotted for practical examination.

CBSE History Syllabus for 12th Class

CBSE Psychology Syllabus 2025-25

CBSE Class 12 Philosophy Syllabus 2025

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025 Pdf

Are you are going to attend the CBSE exam? If yes, it’s time to check the CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 in a detailed manner. The Central Board of School Education will conduct the exam for class 12 every year to test the student’s skills. Hence, it’s important to prepare well for the exam through CBSE class 12 syllabus 2025. On this page, we covered the details of the CBSE 12 syllabus 2025 to help you for preparing the exam. Hence, there may be a chance for you to know the subjects and topics to be covered before the exam. If you read the CBSE 2025 syllabus & Test Pattern before the exam, you can easily pass the exam. Scroll down to know more details of the CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 2025.

The CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Pdf plays a major role for the students who are going to attend the class 12th exam. Hence, to help those candidates for preparing the CBSE Exam through online or offline, we have uploaded the complete CBSE syllabus for Class 12 here. Therefore, students who are willing to attend the CBSE class 12 examination can get the CBSE 2025 Syllabus through the download links available in the following section. In addition to this, you can get the subject-wise CBSE 12th Syllabus for preparing the exam. Interested individuals can also log on to the www.cbse.nic.in to download CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-25.

Exam Procedure:

• Written Exam
• Practical Test

Download CBSE 2025-25 Syllabus Pdf

As we know that, it’s important to check the CBSE 12th Syllabus 2025 before appearing for the exam. This is because checking the CBSE Syllabus class 12 makes you score high marks. Read the complete CBSE syllabus for the CBSE exam.

CBSE 12th Syllabus for Accountancy

Accounting for Partnership Firms

• Change in the profit-sharing ratio
• Admission of a partner
• Retirement and death of a partner
• Dissolution of a partnership firm

Accounting for Companies

• Accounting for share capital
• Conversion Method
• Accounting for Debentures

Part – B – Financial Statements Analysis

Unit 3 – Analysis of Financial Statements

• Financial Statements of a company
• Financial Statement Analysis
• Tools for Financial Statement Analysis
• Accounting Ratios
• Liquidity Ratios
• Solvency Ratios
• Profitability Ratios

Unit 4 – Cash Flow Statement

Project work

• Project File
• Written Test
• Viva Voce

Part B – Computerized Accounting

Computerized Accounting

• Overview of Computerised Accounting System
• Accounting Application of Electronic Spreadsheet
• Using a Computerised Accounting System
• Database Management System

Practical Work

• Practical File
• Viva Voce
• Practical Examination

CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus

Read here the Maths CBSE Class 12 Syllabus in a detailed manner,

Unit – I Relations and Functions

• Relations and Functions (Types of Relations)
• Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Unit – II Algebra

• Matrices
• Determinants

Unit – III Calculus

• Continuity and Differentiability
• Applications and Derivatives
• Integrals
• Applications of the Integrals
• Differential Equations
• Unit-IV Vectors and Three-dimensional Geometry
• Vectors
• Three-dimensional Geometry

Unit – V Linear Programming

• Linear Programming

Unit – VI Probability

• Probability

CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus

Unit – I Electrostatics

• Electric Charges and Fields
• Electronic Potential and capacitance

Unit – II Current Electricity

• Current Electricity

Unit – III Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

• Moving Charges and Magnetism
• Magnetism and Matter

Unit – IV Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

• Electromagnetic Induction
• Alternating Current

Unit – V Electromagnetic Waves

• Electromagnetic Waves

Unit – VI Optics

• Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
• Wave Optics

Unit – VII

• Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
• Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Unit – VIII Atoms and Nuclei

• Atoms
• Nuclei

Unit – IX

• Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits

Unit – X Communication Systems

• Communication Systems

CBSE Chemistry Syllabus for Class 12

Units

I – Solid State.

II – Solutions.

III – Electrochemistry.

IV – Chemical Kinetics.

V – Surface Chemistry.

VI – General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements.

Unit VII – P-Block Elements

• Group 15 elements.
• The Group 16 elements.
• Group 17 elements.
• Group 18 elements.

Unit VIII – D and F block elements

• Lanthanoids
• Actinoids

IX – Coordination Compounds

X – Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

XI – Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

Unit XII – Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids

• Aldehydes and Ketones
• Carboxylic Acids

Unit XIII – Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen

• Amines
• Cyanides and Isocyanides
• Diazonium Salts

Unit XIV – Biomolecules

• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Vitamins
• Nucleic Acids

Unit XV – Polymers

Unit – XVI – Chemistry in Everyday Life

• Chemicals in Medicines.
• Chemicals in Food.
• Cleansing Agents.

CBSE Biology Syllabus for Class 12

Unit VI – Reproduction

• 1st Chapter – Reproduction in Organisms.
• 2nd Chapter – Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants.
• 3rd Chapter – Human Reproduction.
• 4th Chapter – Reproductive Health.

Unit VII – Genetics and Evolution

• 5th Chapter – Principles of Inheritance and Variation.
• 6th Chapter – Molecular Basis of Inheritance.
• 7th Chapter – Evolution.

Unit VIII – Biology and Human Welfare

• 8th Chapter – Human Health and Diseases.
• 9th Chapter – Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production.
• 10th Chapter – Microbes in Human Welfare.

Unit IX – Biotechnology and its Applications

• 11th Chapter – Biotechnology – Principles and Processes
• 12th Chapter – Biotechnology and its application

Unit X – Ecology and Environment

• 13th Chapter – Organisms and Populations.
• 14th Chapter – Ecosystem.
• 15th Chapter – Biodiversity and its Conservation.
• 16th Chapter – Environmental Issues.

Business Studies Syllabus for Class 12

The following are the Business Studies CBSE Syllabus for Class 12,

Part A: Principle and Function of Management

The concept includes meaning and features

1st Unit: Nature and Significance of management

2nd Unit: Principle of Management

3rd Unit: Business Environment

Unit 4: Planning

• Concept, Importance, and Limitations
• Planning Process
• Single-use and standing plans. Objectives, Strategy, Policy, Procedure, method Rule, budget and Programme

Unit 5: Organising

• Concept and Importance
• Organizing Process
• Structure of organization- functional and divisional concept. Formal and informal organization – concept Delegation, concept, elements and importance
• Decentralization: concept and importance

Unit 6: Staffing

• Concept and importance of staffing
• Staffing as a part of Human Resource Management concept
• Staffing Process
• Recruitment Process
• Selection Process
• Training and Development- Concept and importance, Methods of training- on the job and off the job- Induction training, vestibule training, apprenticeship training, and internship training

Unit 7: Directing

Unit 8: Controlling

• Concept and Importance
• Relationship between planning and controlling
• Steps in Process of Control

Part B: Business Finance and Marketing

The concept includes meaning and features

• 9th Unit: Financial Management
• 10th Unit: Financial Markets
• 11th Unit: Marketing Management
• 12th Unit: Consumer Protection
• 13th Unit: Project Work (As per CBSE guidelines)

CBSE Maths Syllabus for Class 12

This section is for Maths CBSE Syllabus for Class 12,

1st Unit – Relations and Functions

Relations and Functions

• Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive, and equivalence relations.
• One to one and onto functions, composite functions, an inverse of a function. Binary operations

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

• Definition, range, domain, principal value branch. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions
• Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions

2nd – Unit Algebra

• Matrices
• Determinants

3rd Unit – Calculus

• Continuity and Differentiability
• Applications of Derivatives
• Integrals
• Applications of the Integrals
• Differential Equations

4th Unit – Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

• Vectors
• Three – dimensional Geometry

5th Unit – Linear Programming

• Linear Programming

6th Unit – Probability

• Probability

Economics Syllabus for Class 12 CBSE 2025-25

Part A: Introductory Microeconomics

• 1st Unit – Introduction
• 2nd Unit – Consumer’s Equilibrium and Demand
• 3rd Unit – Producer Behaviour and Supply
• 4th Unit – Forms of Market and Price Determination under Perfect Competition with simple applications

Part B: Introductory Macroeconomics

• 6th Unit – National Income and Related Aggregates
• 7th Unit – Determination of Income and Employment
• 8th Unit – Government Budget and the Economy
• 9th Unit – Balance of Payments

CBSE English Syllabus for Class 12

SECTION A – READING COMPREHENSION

Reading Unseen Passages and Note-making

1. a) Factual passages, e.g., instructions, descriptions, reports.
2. b) Descriptive passages involving opinion, e.g., argumentative, persuasive, or interpretative text.
3. c) Literary passages, e.g., extract from fiction, drama, poetry, essay, or biography. A poem could be of 28-35 lines.

The passages can be literary, factual, or discursive to test comprehensions. The length of one passage should be between 600-700 words.

The third passage of 400-500 words for note-making and abstraction.

Read this CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 to be aware of every topic in your CBSE Main Exam.

SECTION B – WRITING SKILLS

• Short Answer Questions, e.g., advertisement and notices, designing or drafting posters, writing formal and informal invitations, and replies.
• Long Answer Questions: Letters based on verbal/visual input.
• Letter types include Business or official letters (for making inquiries, registering complaints, asking for and giving information, placing orders and sending replies)
• Very Long Answer Questions
• Two compositions based on visual and/or verbal Input may be descriptive or argumentative in nature such as an article, a debate, or a speech or a report.

SECTION C – LITERATURE TEXTBOOKS AND LONG READING TEXT

• Flamingo and Vistas
• Very Short Answer Questions and Short Answer Questions, Long Answer Questions, and so on.

CBSE 12th Exam English Elective Syllabus

Reading an unseen passage and a poem

• Very Short Answer Questions: One literary or discursive passage of about 950-1000 words followed by short questions
• Short Answer Questions: A poem of about 24 – 28 lines to test interpretation and appreciation

Creative Writing Skills & Applied Grammar

• Long Answer Question: A short discursive, interpretative writing
• Very Long Answer Questions: An essay on an argumentative/discursive topic such as an article, report or speech
• Very Short Answer Question: Transformation of sentences.

Literature Textbook: Kaleidoscope

• Short Answer Questions: To test understanding and appreciation
• Long Answer Question: To test deeper understanding, interpretation, appreciation, drawing of inferences and evaluation

Fiction

• Long Answer Questions: Seeking comments, interpretation, evaluation, and appreciation of characters, events, episodes, and interpersonal relationships.
• Very Long Answer Question: To test deeper understanding, interpretation, appreciation, and drawing inferences.

Political Science Syllabus for Class 12 CBSE

Part A – Contemporary World Politics

• Cold War Era
• The end of Bipolarity
• US Hegemony in world politics
• Alternative Centres of Power
• Contemporary South Asia in the Post-Cold War Era
• International Organizations
• Security in Contemporary World
• Environment and Natural Resources
• Globalization

Part B – Politics in India since Independence

• Challenges of Nation-Building
• The era of one-party Dominance
• Politics of Planned Development
• India’s External Relations
• Challenges to the congress system
• Crisis of Democratic Order
• Popular movements in India
• Regional Aspirations
• Recent Developments in Indian Politics

CBSE Geography Syllabus for Class 12

Part A – Fundamentals of Human Geography

• Human Geography: Nature and Scope
• People
• Human Activities
• Transport, communication, and Trade
• Human Settlements
• Map Work on the identification of features based on 1-5 units on the outline/ Physical/Political map of the World.

Part B. India: People and Economy

• 6th Unit – People
• 7th Unit – Human Settlements
• 8th Unit – Resources and Development
• 9th Unit – Transport, Communication and International Trade
• 10th Unit – Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems
• Map Work on locating and labeling of features based on the above units on an outline map of India.

Part C – Practical Work

• Unit 1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping
• Unit 2: Field Study or Spatial Information Technology

CBSE Sociology class 12 Syllabus

PART A – INDIAN SOCIETY

• Introducing Indian Society
• Demographic Structure of the Indian Society
• Social Institutions: Continuity and Change
• The market as a Social Institution
• The pattern of Social In quality and Exclusion
• The Challenges of Cultural Diversity
• Suggestions for Project Work

PART B – CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA

• Structural Change
• Cultural Change
• The Story of India Democracy
• Change and Development in Rural Society
• Change and Development in Industrial Society
• Globalization and Social Change
• Mass Media and Communication Process
• Social Movements

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Psychology

• Variations in Psychological Attributes
• Self and Personality
• Meeting Life Challenges
• Psychological Disorders
• Therapeutic Approaches
• Attitude And Social Cognition
• Social Influence And Group Processes
• Psychology and Life
• Developing Psychological Skills
• Practicals

History Syllabus for CBSE Class 12

Referring to the History CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 will be helpful in scoring maximum marks in this subject,

Class XII: Themes in Indian History

PART – I

• The Story of the First Cities: Harappan Archaeology
• Political and Economic History: How Inscriptions tell a story
• Social Histories: Using the Mahabharat
• A History of Buddhism: Sanchi Stupa

PART-II

• Agrarian Relations: The Ain-i- Akbari
• The Mughal Court: Reconstructing Histories through Chronicles
• New Architecture: Hampi
• Religious Histories: The Bhakti-Sufi Tradition
• Medieval Society through Travelers’ Account

PART – III

• Colonialism and Rural Society: Evidence from Official Reports
• Representations of 1857
• Colonialism and Indian Towns: Town Plans and Municipal Reports
• Mahatma Gandhi through Contemporary Eyes
• Partition through Oral Sources
• The Making of the Constitution

Map Work on Units 1-15

Project Work

CBSE Philosophy Syllabus Class 12

Unit 1: Ethics (Moral Philosophy)

• Western Ethical Theories
• Indian Ethics
• Ethical Concerns

Unit 2: Theory of Reality (Metaphysics)

For Hindi Core and Hindi Elective, please refer to the CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Pdf link given below.

Direct link for CBSE Class 12 Exam Syllabus, Test Pattern & Papers

Check the complete CBSE 12th syllabus and exam pattern here. You can get the CBSE 2025 Exam Syllabus Pdf from the available links below. Moreover, you can check the CBSE previous papers for CBSE 12th Exam here.

Download CBSE Exam Syllabus Pdf – Click Here

Download CBSE Exam Admit Card 2025 – Here